Ernest Hemingway

Popular Pulitzer Prize winner for fiction was Ernest Miller Hemingway born on July 21, 1899. He had an understated writing style and a strong inspiration on fiction. His life of exploration and his public persona influenced generations to travel, write and be flamboyant. He produced most of his work during the 1920s through the 1950s. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954 and wrote seven novels, several short story collections and a couple of non-fiction books. Seven of his novels and collections were published posthumously.
His novel A Farewell to Arms came from his wartime experiences. He was seriously wounded in WWI while on the Italian Front. Hemingway moved to Paris where he worked as a foreign correspondent and wrote Lost Generation. The Sun Also Rises was published in 1926 and was Hemingway's first novel. Hadley Richardson and Hemingway married in 1921.
In 1927 Hemingway and Richardson divorced and Hemingway wed Pauline Pfieffer. Hemingway and his second wife Pauline honeymooned in Le-Grau-deu-Roi where Hemingway contracted anthrax. He wrote his collection of short stores Men without Women published in 1927. Patrick Hemmingway was born in 1928 and after the difficult delivery Hemingway fictionalized wrote about it in A Farewell to Arms. He then wrote Death in the Afternoon in 1929 which was a treatise on bullfighting.
1933 a safari to East Africa was material for Green Hills of Africa and the Snows of Kilimanjaro and The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber. Here, Hemingway suffered from amoebic dysentery causing a prolapsed intestine. Pauline and Hemingway divorced after his return as a journalist during the Spanish Civil War.
He met Martha Gellhorn in Spain. She was a writer and Hemingway left Pauline and his three children for her. Martha inspired him to write For Whom the Bell Tolls which was published in 1940. Martha and Hemingway divorced in 1945 and Mary Welsh became the fourth wife in 1946 until Hemingway's suicide on July 2, 1961.
In 1954 Hemingway published The Old Man and The Sea and went on another safari to Africa. He was almost killed in two plane crashes that left him in pain and ill for the rest of his life. Hemingway suffered from bipolar disorder, insomnia, diabetes and liver failure. He was treated with electro-convulsive therapy and suffered amnesia.